Choosing the ten best movies about historic events is challenging because of the sheer volume of epic films made over the years. Epic movies cover the range of history—the prehistoric era, antiquity, the Middle Ages, the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, modern times, and everything in-between.    

Historical dramas attempt to accurately portray history, but they are usually highly fictionalized and loosely based on history. The following ten movies are all widely acclaimed, award-winning portrayals of historic events—presented in alphabetical order. Release dates are courtesy of The Internet Movie Database.    

Braveheart (1995)   

This Mel Gibson epic is loosely based on the life of William Wallace, a thirteenth century Scot who united his countrymen in a battle to overthrow English rule. The movie is long (about three hours) but it will have you sitting on the edge of your seat.    

Gladiator (2000)    

Russell Crowe stars as Maximus, a Spanish-Roman general betrayed by the Emperor’s son. When his family is murdered, Maximus heads to Rome as a gladiator intent on seeking revenge. Good old-fashioned acting and breathtaking images make this historical movie a must-see.    

Gone With the Wind (1939)    

This classic romance stars Clark Gable and Vivien Leigh in a love affair between a Southern belle and a roguish businessman. Set in the American South during the Civil War and Reconstruction, this four-hour historical epic ranks as one of the best movies of all time.    

The Great Escape (1963)     

In this war film set during World War II, a group of Allied prisoners-of-war plans an escape from a German POW camp. Starring Steve McQueen and James Garner, this film is based on the true story of a mass escape from StalagLuft III. It is the ultimate prison escape movie.    

The Passion of the Christ (2004)   

The final hours and crucifixion of Jesus Christ are depicted in this Mel Gibson movie, a moving historical epic. Based on biblical accounts of The Passion, the movie recounts the arrest, trial, torture, crucifixion, and resurrection of Jesus, played by Jim Caviezel. Prepare yourself for some brutal scenes. The movie features Aramaic, Latin, and Hebrew dialogue with English subtitles.  

 The Patriot (2000)   

Set in colonial America, this fictional portrayal of historic events features Mel Gibson as Benjamin Martin, a peaceful farmer from South Carolina. When a cruel British officer murders his son, Martin leads a colonial militia during the American Revolution. The beautiful vistas and violent battle scenes will keep your eyes fixed on the screen.    

Platoon (1986)    

This modern classic set during the Vietnam War stars a cast led by Tom Berenger, Willem DaFoe, and Charlie Sheen. When confronted with the horrors of war, a young recruit faces a moral conflict and psychological meltdown. As he struggles to survive, he realizes there are two battles—one with the enemy in Vietnam, and one with the men in his platoon. This emotional, gritty movie is one of the best Vietnam War films ever made.    

Saving Private Ryan (1998)     

This American war film is set in World War II Europe during the Normandy invasion. A group of United States soldiers go behind enemy lines to find and save a paratrooper whose three brothers were killed in action. This movie, a poignant expression of American patriotism, is loosely based on a real-life story.  

Spartacus (1960)   

A slave named Spartacus, played by Kirk Douglas, leads a revolt against the Roman Empire. Although highly fictionalized, this movie is based on the true story of a slave revolt in ancient history. Unlike other Roman epics (Ben-Hur and The Robe, for example), Spartacus does not have a Christian theme, but it is quite inspiring and reveals the triumph of the human spirit.    

Titanic (1997)    

This American disaster film and romantic drama is a fictionalized speculation concerning the sinking of the Titanic. It stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet as two people of different social classes who fall in love aboard the ill-fated ship on her maiden voyage. Although the movie is fictional, it depicts many historical characters including socialite Molly Brown, shipbuilder Thomas Andrews, and Captain Edward John Smith. 

References:The Internet Movie Database. Accessed March 25, 2010; Wikipedia. Accessed April 2, 2010. 

Related Article:Ten Best Movies About the Holocaust

A square is a place usually situated in the center or heart of a city where people meet or gather for recreation purposes, political purposes and other purposes. Here are 8 of the worlds most popular and significant squares in the world. This squares, one way or the other, played a vital role in shaping their country’s history.

1. Decembrists Square

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One square with great historic significant is Decembrist Square, a popular square located in Russia, now known as Senate Square and is formerly known also as Peter’s Square before 1925. It is a city square in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The square is located on the left bank of the Bolshaya Neva right in front of Saint Isaac’s Cathedral. In 1925 it was renamed Decembrist Square to commemorate the December Revolt, which took place there in 1825.

The Decembrist revolt or the Decembrist uprising took place in Imperial Russia on December 26, 1825. Russian army officers led about 3,000 soldiers in a protest against Nicholas I’s assumption of the throne after his elder brother Constantine removed himself from the line of succession. Because these events occurred in December, the rebels were called the Decembrists.  This uprising took place in the Senate Square in Saint Petersburg. In 1925, to mark the centenary of the event, it was renamed as Decembrist Square. The revolt was suppressed by Nicholas I.

2. Azadi Square

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One of the few famous squares in Asia is Azadi Square, a very famous square in Theran, Iran where the Azadi tower is situated in the middle of the square. Azadi means “freedom” in Persian. Called Shahyaad or Remembrance of the Shahs (Kings)”) Square before the Iranian revolution, it is the place where many of the demonstrations leading to the Iranian Revolution on December 12, 1979, took place.

3. Tianamen Square

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Another popular square located in Asia is Tiananmen Square, the largest open-urban square in the world. It is a historic large plaza near the center of Beijing, China’s capital. It was named after the Tiananmen which literally means “Gate of Heavenly Peace” which sits to its north, separating it from the Forbidden City. It has great cultural significance as a symbol because it was the site of several key events in Chinese history. Outside of China, the square is widely known for the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 where hundreds of students who participated were allegedly killed by government soldiers by indiscriminately firing at them.

4. Trafalgar Square

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In Europe, UK in particular, one of the most popular squares is the Trafalgar Square, a square in situated in central London, England. It was formerly named King William the Fourth’s Square. Because it is situated in the heart of London, it is a tourist attraction; its trademark is Nelson’s Column which stands in the center and the four lion statues that guard the column. The name commemorates the Battle of Trafalgar of 1805, a British naval victory of the Napoleonic Wars.

5. Red Square

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Another outstanding square that can be found in Russia is Red, the most famous city square in Moscow, and arguably one of the most famous in the world. The square separates the Kremlin, the former royal citadel and currently the official residence of the President of Russia, from a historic merchant quarter known as Kitay-gorod. As major streets of Moscow radiate from here in all directions, being promoted to major highways outside the city, the Red Square is often considered the central square of Moscow and of all Russia.

6. Grand Place

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Another distinct square in Europe is the Grand Place, a well known square for its large “flower carpet”. Grand Place is the most important tourist destination and most memorable landmark in Brussels next to the Atomium and Manneken Pis. The display of begonias is arranged on the square every two years for a few days in the middle of August, and attracts many tourists. In Dutch, it is called the Grote Market and Grand Place in French. It is the central market square of Brussels, the capital of Belgium.

7. St. Peter’s Square

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Square is called piazza in Italian. Italy has many popular squares or piazzas, one of which is Saint Peter’s Square, known in Italy as Piazza San Pietro. This famous square is located directly in front of St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City, the papal enclave within Rome.

8. Time Square

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In North America, particularly in the US, Times Square is one of its most popular squares. It is located in Manhattan, New York City. This famous square is formerly called Longacre Square. Times Square was renamed after the One Times Square (formerly Times Building), the former offices of the New York Times, in April 1904. Times Square has achieved the status of an iconic world landmark and has become a symbol of its city. Times Square is principally defined by its animated, digital advertisements.

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Pollenca lies on the north-eastern side of Lluc through a 20 kilometer wind around the mountains. Pollenca is a serene and charming small town nestled in the midst of the Serra de Tramuntana hills, which flatten out to the coast.

The original purpose of Pollenca was to act as a lookout for pirates when it served as a port. It was a successful strategy that avoided much destruction on the area. This medieval town stands with 18th century hard stone houses on winding streets.

Plaça Major is the town’s main square which caters to a splatter of serene cafés with Nostra Senyora dels Àngels church close by, impressive with its dour façade and magnificent sun-bleached stones surrounding a rose window.

Historical Attractions

The town’s main attraction is Via Crucis which means ‘the Way of the Cross.’ It is a long and steep stairway, beautifully crafted with stones against the amazing cypress trees which have been there for ages.

It goes upwards to El Calvari, known as the Calvary hill, that lies at the square’s north side where you will see the image of Mare de Deu; which when translated, is ‘the Mother of God.’ This is located at the foothills placed in the simple chapel at the courtyard. Although the white walls spot some terrible religious paintings, the coastal views make up for the negative impact.When Good Friday is celebrated here, a statue of Jesus is paraded with torchlight from the chapel Oratori to the Nostra Senyora church. This is the island’s most emotion-packed religious festival.

Other historical sights include the 18th century monastery which, although not in good condition, offers a splendid view of the coast from the peak of Puig de Maria located 320 meters above the town. The monastery has fortified walls, a chapel, a courtyard, a refectory, as well as some cells with a checkered history. Now, it is owned by the Benedictines who rent out the cells as rooms to tourists.

The monastery is located at the south end of the town, along a steep 1,500 meter lane which fizzles to a cobbled foot trail. It’s about an hour’s walk to the town center.

Accommodations

Only one main accommodation is available here; that is, the Hotel Juma, which is excellent with its amenity offerings. It is a medium-sized accommodation with modern and comfortable rooms, although cheaper accommodations are available near the monastery.

Gastronomy

There are plenty of eateries in Pollença as it offers a variety of cafés as well as restaurants; the Espanyol Café offers good coffee that is strong, and snacks such as its top rating tapas.

Another restaurant, Giardino II serves excellent cuisine in French style. Some stylish restaurants that can be found in town serve delicious seafood.

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Article by Paul Fraser Collectibles

Acker Merrall & Condit announced on June 3 that it had surpassed the world auction record for a bottle of Champagne, selling a bottle of shipwrecked Veuve Clicquot for ,630.

As we reported last year Diver Christian Ekstrom was exploring a shipwreck on the Baltic seabed when he found the bottles of sparkling wine.

In a move that would startle serious collectors and investors, he took one straight to the surface and tasted it with fellow divers, and found it was still in great condition.

The name of the sunken vessel is still unknown, as is its destination, but it is speculated the cargo was bound for the court of the Russian Emperor, Nicholas I, in St Petersburg.

Following a successful salvage operation of 145 bottles, it was discovered the bounty included some of the world’s oldest Champagnes, wines from the famed houses of Veuve Clicquot, Juglar, and Heidsieck.

The landmark sale took place in Mariehamn, Åland, where Acker Merrall auctioned two of the world’s oldest bottles of Champagne salvaged last year from a 19th century shipwreck off the Åland Islands, along with 15 special lots direct from Veuve Cliquot’s cellars.

In a most exciting climax, an anonymous internet bidder from Singapore out-duelled an American phone bidder, Robert A. Rosania, legendary Champagne collector and American real estate entrepreneur.

When asked about the epic battle for both lots of shipwrecked Champagne, Rosania commented, “I’ll be back.” Ironically, Rosania held the previous record set in 2008, that time as a seller, when bottles of 1959 Dom Perignon from his collection sold for ,350 each.

“We are overjoyed by today’s outcome,” said John Kapon, CEO of < a>Acker Merrall & Condit. “We felt privileged to work with the Government of Åland and Veuve Clicquot to produce this unprecedented sale.

“Today proved to be one of the most historic and exhilarating events in the world of wine. To have America and Asia battling it out here in Europe, setting a new world record, is a testament to the globalization of the fine wine market, and this is only the beginning.

“What was equally amazing was the fact that the sale took place in Aland, an incredibly beautiful yet remote region of the world. It just goes to show that the most discerning and passionate collectors will go wherever it takes to acquire the world’s greatest wines.”

“This sends out a strong message that the oldest and rarest drinkable champagne is sold in Åland. We are also happy that the financial surplus that is generated by the sale of the Champagne bottles will go to charitable causes, such as environmental measures for improving the quality of water in the seas,” said departmental head Rainer Juslin of the Åland Government.

Needless to say, the Champagne will make a strong alternative investment – provided it is provably kept in perfect conditions.

Acker Merrall’s next and final auction of the season will be held in the Hamptons in New York on June 25th.

For images and more see Paul Fraser Collectibles: your #1 source for global collectibles news

As the capital city of the United Kingdom, the largest city in the European Union and an important settlement since its foundation by the Romans in 43 AD, London is as rife with history as it is with life and culture. The Londinium first built by the Romans lasted a mere seventeen years and was then burned to the ground by Queen Boadicea and her Iceni tribe.

Being burned to the ground seems to be something that London was particularly good at: after being rebuilt by the Romans, seized by the Vikings and recaptured by Alfred the Great, London prospered and spread like the Great Plague with which it was afflicted just prior to the Great Fire of London in 1666. It took ten years to rebuild the city after the damage inflicted by the fire, and the buildings were fortunate enough then to pass a few hundred years of relative security before being bombed by the Luftwaffe during the Second World War.
 
The Great Fire, which started in Thomas Farriner’s bakery in Pudding Lane near London Bridge, blazed through the dirty, insanitary wooden city of Shakespeare’s era for four days, destroying everything in its path.

Even St Paul’s Cathedral, which had been viewed as immune from the flames, fell victim to the conflagration and the number of people who died as a result of the fire remains unknown to this day. 

At the time, the death toll was estimated at about eight people, but since then experts have raised the estimate to a possible several thousand; people whose bodies were incinerated by the fire, who fell prey to the violent fear of Dutch or French terrorist attacks, or who simply, but just as irrevocably, died of exposure and hunger after the fire. It has, however, been suggested that the fire was a mixed blessing to the people of London as the plague, or Black Death, had been running rampant in the city the previous year. It could be that the fire, which razed the contaminated dwellings to the ground, along with their accompanying chorus of rats and fleas, also burnt out the disease.
 
One of the most pervasive images of London, however, comes not from the plague-ridden and soon to be incinerated city inhabited by Shakespeare and Queen Elizabeth I, but from the lively and evocative descriptions in the works of Charles Dickens. His portrayal of the narrow, grimy and foggy streets of London, of the snow and Victorian pick-pockets has created lasting images in the minds of many people. Surprisingly enough, in spite of the passage of a few hundred years, there are still many areas of London that remain so Dickensian that it comes as something of a shock to see people clad in denims and t-shirts talking animatedly on their mobile phones while their Doc Marten-encased feet tread exactly the same cobbles and pavements as the dirty, bare feet of the fictional David Copperfield or the Artful Dodger.
 
The modern city of London, however, is still flavoured with strong overtones of the historical city. Ancient buildings rub shoulders with brand new edifices; old Portland stone is just as common a construction material as glass and steel. In spite of the vast urban sprawl of London, the core still retains its medieval boundaries, although the name London refers to the entire metropolis. While London does cover an enormous area, each district has its own distinct flavour and characteristics, and whether you prefer the bohemian lifestyle of Camden Town, or the upmarket shops of Oxford Street, Speedhotels.com will be able to provide you with a range of good quality, cheap hotels to make your stay in London an enjoyable one.

Article by Chris Robertson

Golf art and photos can be used to enhance just about any type of work place. Perhaps you’ve recently visited someone’s office and noticed an autographed golf photo of a famous golfer on his or her desk or hanging on the wall. Or maybe you’ve been sitting in a doctor’s waiting room and noticed golf course pics displayed on the walls instead of traditional landscape paintings. If you own a business and love the game of golf, then golf prints might be just the right type of workplace decor for you.

Inspire Your Clients

In the business world, your image means a great deal to clients. One way to reflect a professional image is to decorate your visitor’s welcome area, office and even the hallways with golf photos and art. Find authentic, licensed golf pictures of famous golfers from the PGA and LPGA. You can easily find photos of golfers such as Carl Schwartzel, Tiger Woods, Graeme McDowell, Martin Kaymer, Arnold Palmer and others affordably by shopping at an online golf print store. Golf photos work great for professional offices, such as accounting and law firms, financial consultants, real estate offices, B2B offices, doctor and dentist offices, and other similar businesses. Set up a display of golf awards if you often play in local tournaments and enhance the display with golf memorabilia or collectibles, a golf flag and more. The golf prints and displays will likely become a theme of conversation as clients or patients wait for their appointment.

Restaurant Golf Decor

If you own a restaurant, use humorous golf photos, golf course pics and signed photos of golfers to decorate throughout the restaurant. Hang them near dining tables so guests can view and read the signatures or captions while awaiting their meal. You can also set up golf memorabilia displays throughout if you wish to have a complete golf theme in your restaurant. This type of decor works very well in restaurants that serve in or near a golf resort area.

Hotels

If you own or manage a hotel and need new decor ideas, consider golf course pics or golf art. Hotels generally have multiple paintings or framed photos in every guest room. Golf decor will definitely work well if the hotel is located in an area where there are multiple courses that attract thousands of golfers each year. Keeping a golf theme throughout will make it easy to decorate, and you can possibly save money by finding deals for bulk orders on golf prints.

Golf Tournaments

If your company plans to sponsor a local tournament, check with online venues for golf tournament ideas, golf gifts for men and women, awards and more. Create golf displays at your place of business using golf collectibles and prints to promote the tournament. Place an announcement in the local newspaper and on radio, and don’t forget to promote the event on your company’s website. Hosting golf tournaments for local charities enables you to build solid public relations and give back to your community while enjoying your favorite sport!

Wherever you choose to buy golf items, check for authenticity of the prints and photos before buying. Buying online enables you to choose from hundreds of golf photos with various types of frames, colors and sizes to meet your needs. It’s easy to view golf art and photographs online, and you can order multiple items at once to possibly save money on shipping costs.

Nepal is known as the abode of the gods. For many years a secret, unknown country, it was, in the 1950s, faced with making a leap from the 11th century to modern times. Visited first by mountaineers and trekkers, it later became the haunt of hippies. The Nepalese Government has set aside more than 35 per cent of the total area of the country as natural sanctuaries. There are now nine National Parks, three conservation areas and two wildlife reserves, located both in the mountainous zones as well as in the tropical plains. The Terai lowlands in the south form the richest habitat in the country. Five protected areas are located in the region and many species of wildlife, including the rare Royal Bengal tiger and leopard, can be observed. Kathmandu Kathmandu, the capital and also the cultural, commercial and business hub of the Kingdom, is a magical place. In the center is Durbar Square where there is a wonderful collection of temples and shrines, both Buddhist and Hindu. They are generally built in the pagoda style with a mass of intricate exterior carving. The old Royal Palace is in the square, as is the Statue of Hanuman the Monkey God, clad in a red cloak. Here also is the house of the living goddess — the Kumari. A few kilometers from Kathmandu is the hugely impressive Bodnath Stupa. It has become a center of Tibetan exile culture and is a good place to buy Tibetan handicrafts and artifacts. Climbing upwards from the city one can reach the famous Buddhist stupa of …
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The Philippines is culturally and historically rich country. Here are some historic shrines and monuments

from across the archipelago which serves as reminders of the rich culture and history of the country.

Rizal Park

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Rizal Park is situated in the heart of the city of Manila, the capital of the Philippines, overlooking Manila Bay.

Luneta has been the site of some of the most significant moments in Philippine history. Among them is the

execution of Dr. Jose Rizal on December 30, 1896, whose martyred death made him a hero of the Philippine

Revolution. It was officially renamed Rizal Park in tribute to him; the Declaration of Philippine Independence from

American rule on June 4, 1946; and the political rallies of Ferdinand Marcos and Corazon Aquino in 1986. The

monument also serves as the point of origin or Kilometer Zero to all other cities in the Philippines.

Lapu-Lapu Shrine

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This bronze statue of Lapu-Lapu is located in Mactan Shrine. Lapu-Lapu was the native chieftain of Mactan Island

who resisted the efforts of Magellan to subdue his people and be converted to Christianity and to be subjected to

the throne of Spain. The subsequent battle on April 27, 1521 between the Spaniards and Lapu-Lapu and his men

resulted to the death of Magellan. The shrine was erected on the supposed spot where the battle took place.

Magellan Shrine

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The Magellan shrine is a large memorial tower erected in honor of the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan.

The spot is believed to be the area where Magellan was killed in the Battle of Mactan on 1521, Philippines. The

monument measures 30 meters high and it is located in the place of Punta Engaño, Mactan Island, Cebu.

Blood Compact Site

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The famous Blood Compact Site is located in Bohol’s capital city, Tagbilaran. The historic site is the place where

one of the most important events in the Philippines’ history, the Blood Compact between Sikatuna, a native

chieftain and Miguel Lopez de Legaspi, the Spanish explorer and colonizer took place on March 16, 1565. The

Sikatuna-Legaspi blood compact is considered as the First Treaty of Friendship between peoples of different

races, religious, culture and civilization. It was a treaty of friendship based on mutual respect and equality.

Sultan Kudarat Monument

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This statue is a reminder that the Spaniards never succeeded in conquering the whole of Mindanao after sending

11 expeditions to conquer the island. This is the monument of Sultan Muhammad Dipatuan Kudarat (1580, in

Lanao del Sur-?) the seventh Sultan of Maguindanao. He prevented the Spaniards from conquering his sultanate

in Mindanao. He was a direct descendant of Sharif Kabungsuan, a Muslim missionary in the 14th century.

Bonifacio Monument

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The most famous landmark of Caloocan City is the Monumento Circle which houses the Bonifacio Monument, a

famous monument to Andres Bonifacio. The name Monumento itself is derived from the Spanish word for

monument. Bonifacio is the founder of KKK, a revolutionary organization who started the revolution for Philippine

independence from Spanish colonization of the archipelago for more than 300 years.

Pinaglabanan Shrine

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Pinaglabanan Shrine is located on N.Domingo cor. Pinaglabanan Street in the city of San Juan, Metro Manila,

Philippines. The shrine has a statue of a woman supported by two children, holding up a bolo, or a machete.

This commemorates the first attack of the Filipinos against the Spanish on a warehouse in the area in 1896.

The statue can also be seen on the town seal.

McArthur Landing Site

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The McArthur Landing Site in Palo, Leyte was created to commemorate McArthur’s famous parting words “I Shall

Return” that he made good of his promise before he left the country after its downfall to the Japanese Imperial

Army during World War II. This famous event took place on October 20, 1944. The Allied landing on Leyte Island’s

shores was a pivotal moment in the history of the War in the Pacific and in the human struggle for liberty. The

Leyte landing is a central event in the long history of friendship between the peoples of the Philippines and the

United States.

Shrine of Valor (Dambana ng Kagitingan)

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Bataan Peninsula was the scene of harsh fighting between American-Filipino forces and the invading Japanese

forces. On April 9, 1942, the Bataan defenders surrendered to the Japanese. About 70,000 U.S. and Filipino

soldiers were captured. The Shrine of Valor (Dambana ng Kagitingan) atop Mt. Samat in Pilar was built in 1966 in

memory of those soldiers of World War II. It consists of the “Colonnade”, a marble capped structure with an altar,

esplanade and a museum. Inside the museum you can learn more about the battle of Bataan and the infamous

“Death March” that followed. The captured US & Filipino soldiers were forced to march more than a hundred

kilometers from Bataan to Tarlac. The great cross is a symbol of sacrifice of those who sacrificed their lives during

World War II. You can get to the top through a lift in 30 seconds and have a fantastic view of Manila Bay and the

Corregidor Island.

EDSA Shrine

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The Shrine of Mary, Queen of Peace, Our Lady of EDSA, or more popularly, the EDSA Shrine is a small church

located at the intersection of Ortigas Avenue and EDSA in Quezon City. The shrine, built in 1989 originally to

commemorate the memories of the People Power Revolution and its peaceful outcome, stands on the site of two

peaceful demonstrations that ousted Philippine presidents Ferdinand Marcos (the People Power Revolution or

EDSA I) and Joseph Estrada (the EDSA II). It is officially called the “Shrine of Mary, Queen of Peace” or “Our Lady

of Peace Quasi-Parish”, although these names are seldom used.

People Power Monument

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The People Power Monument, located at the corner of Epifanio Delos Santos Avenue (EDSA) and Katipunan

Avenue in Quezon City, is a sculpture commemorating the EDSA revolution.

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See also Modern-day HeroesPhilippine Events with Great Impact and Importance in World History

Collecting dolls has many purposes and one of them is its educational value to children. Just like with Our Generation Dolls which taught children about the values through reading books that came with the doll, the American Girl dolls came with the product line called “Historical Characters”. The line targets children of ages eight to thirteen years old and educates them about several focal points in American history.

Each historical character has a story to tell as written in their individual books. It opens the children’s mind to delicate topics that range from war to slavery. Yet the story lines are carefully written with great sensitivity to accommodate to the young children’s level of understanding. Some of the characters that were introduced in this product line are Addy Walker, Julie Allbright and Ivy Ling, Josefina Montoya, Kaya, Mollie McIntire and Emily Bennett, Kit Kittredge and Ruthie Smithens, and Rebecca Rubin. Each of the character’s stories engage children in reading books while teaching them important values as they grow up.

Like in the story of Addy, her story is about their escape from slavery to find the rest of her family members. Another character is the Mexican girl named Josefina who grew up in 1824. Her story tells about the relationship of American traders with her family. With the books about the Nez Perce character named Kaya, her adventures tell about her struggle to follow the virtues of her hero Swan Circling after being tagged as a selfish person when she failed to compete in a race with her brothers.

Rebecca Rubin on the other hand was a 9-year old girl who grew up in 1914 in New York City. She was of Russian and Jewish descent who dreamt of becoming a known actress only to be discouraged by her family’s traditional upbringing and conservative ideas. The historical characters have several books already made for each of them. The doll characters’ adventures and interesting relationships with their family will surely make the children who read their books value their own relationships with their parents and the people around them.

Nevertheless, a more budget friendly alternative to the American Dolls is Our Generation Dolls which have the same theme and charm to the younger generation. Anyone who would like to teach a piece of history to their children can use these dolls as an education tool that will also teach them about values and manners. On the other side of the spectrum, doll collectors can

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Article by AndrewJames

Beijing the Chinese local Chronicles of the Beijing office presided compilation of comrade hu going to be published, this is about Beijing a major achievements in research of the culture construction of Beijing, is a great thing, and this is very happy to extend our heartfelt congratulations.As Beijing hutongs, the basic unit of the overall urban construction, and today’s Beijing’s predecessor, the yuan dynasty began together to yuan RMB 22 (1285 years).Has been 700 years of history.From its first appearance, we received many scholars’ attention.From Marco Polo to the modern world renowned architectural Eiler Steen master Ross muston (Rasmussen), beacon (Edmund N.B acon) to Beijing and such basic unit – hutong gave high attention, and praise.Many scholars are modern China to Beijing’s hutongs done a special study of Beijing’s hutongs, but a comprehensive, systematic, comprehensive record book is still very rare.Like the Beijing comrade hu “so to history to once had the origin, each strip hutong evolution, to live within and hutong celebrity, the historical events that happened is described, and match with maps and images have never had.Beijing’s hutongs contains very rich history, culture and customs, architecture, planning and so on various subjects, the scientific content for each subject study provide the inexhaustible science material.But recently, due to the development of the city and the rapid modernization, hutongs is less and less.For hundreds of years, Beijing’s hutongs after yuan, Ming and qing and the republic of China and the new China, until the early liberation, generally haven’t changed much.It witnessed Beijing’s historical changes, also suffered years baptism, hold people of historical events, famous figures memories.In the Beijing hutongs generations to provide the calm, serene, harmonious living space and raise generation after generation at the same time, they create a unique cultural landscape and hutong hutongs.All these have become beijingers hard of give feelings.Those who spread all over the world, they swept Beijing homesickness, townships dream, township, with Beijing’s hutongs are closely linked.How many Hispanic-American hutongs, will stop swept past memories. To evokeBeijing’s hutongs is a huge museum, from every village gate, brick, MenDun, tablet watts of ancient architecture can see art;From the burgeoning celebrity’s home, wangfu house, temples, Taoist temple, can make people feel Beijing that profound humanistic spirit, one greatly small hutong courtyards from the citizens of Beijing can understand life, including their way of life, and life interest, and neighborhood relationship, Beijing’s hutongs is life’s big classroom, people can draw nourishment from here, rich and enrich himself.Since the reform and open policy, Beijing is to modern international metropolis goal, Beijing urban construction is undergoing tremendous change, many hutong have disappeared or already change at all.How to correctly handle the international metropolis and protection of the ancient style of pair of contradictions, is the Beijing urban planning and construction ordeal.In the Beijing city master plan new “, the Beijing location for the country in the capital, is the country’s political center and cultural center, is the world capital of the minorities and historical and cultural city at the same time, to properly handle the historical and cultural city protection and modernization of the city, the relationship of the special historical and cultural city protection planning “.Believe has 3,000 years construction for more than eight hundred years history and history of ancient capital of Beijing, certainly can handle the modernization construction and urban renewal and protect the relationship.The ancient and charming in Beijing hutongs also must be in modernization construction coruscate gives new youth, let “Beijing comrade hu” in this work plays an important role.October 2006

Is There Evidence Outside the Bible that Christ was a Real Historical Figure?

Josephus (A.D. 37 – A.D. 100) was an important ancient Jewish historian who wrote “The Jewish Wars” and “The Antiquities of the Jews” and mentioned several biblical figures and groups in those works.  He gives us very valuable information concerning the time of the Maccabean revolt and onwards through the time of Christ and beyond. Josephus gives us a great deal of background information of the New Testament times. His writings contain several specific references to John the Baptist, Jesus Christ, and James, the brother of Christ, who were all real historical figures that lived in real historical times and places. They were not just myths from the Bible stories that we have heard all our lives.  Since his writings are extra-biblical, they give us an important historical text to validate the authenticity of our biblical text, if you need that sort of proof to ground your faith in the Holy Scriptures of the Bible. Josephus is considered a reliable source by most biblical scholars and many others. He is recognized by many scholars in both ancient writings and contemporary writings as being a trustworthy and accurate historian, though some have tried in vain to disprove his writings.  He is cited by many scholars from the time immediately after his writings were published until today, who affirm his love for truth and the general accuracy of his writings. About A.D. 410, Isidorus Pelusiot, the Scholar of Chrysostom, in 4.225 writes, “There was one Josephus, a Jew of the greatest reputation, and one that was zealous of the law, one also that paraphrased the Old Testament with truth, and acted valiantly for the Jews, and had showed that there settlement was nobler than can be described by words. Now since he made their interests give place to truth, for he would not support the opinion of impious men, I think it necessary to set down his words. What then does he say?”  So here are a few excerpts from those historical documents from ages past. 

From The Antiquities of the Jews

In Book 18/3:3 Josephus speaks of Christ directly.  Now there was about this time Jesus, a wise man, if it be lawful to call him a man, for he was a doer of wonderful works, a teacher of such men as receive the truth with pleasure.  He drew over to him both many of the Jews and many of the Gentiles. He was the Christ; and when Pilate, at the suggestion of the principal men amongst us, had condemned him to the cross, (April 3, A.D. 33) those that loved him at the first did not forsake him for he appeared to them alive again the third day, (April 5) as the divine prophets had foretold these and ten thousand other wonderful things concerning him; and the tribe of Christians, so named from him, are not extinct at this day. 

In Book 18/5:2 Josephus tells us more about the circumstances around the beheading of John the Baptist. Now some of the Jews thought that the destruction of Herod’s army came from God, and that very justly, as punishment of what he did against John, that was called the Baptist,  for Herod slew him, who was a good man, and commanded the Jews to exercise virtue, both as to righteousness towards one another, and piety towards God, and so to come to baptism; for that the washing [with water] would be acceptable to him, if they made use of it, not in order to the putting away [or the remission] of some sins [only], but for the purification of the body; supposing still that the soul was thoroughly purified beforehand by righteousness. Now when many others came in crowds about him, for they were greatly moved [or pleased] by hearing his words, Herod, who feared lest the great influence John had over the people might put it into his power and inclination to raise a rebellion (for they seemed ready to do anything he should advise), thought it best by putting him to death, to prevent any mischief he might cause, and not bring himself into difficulties, by sparing a man who might make him repent of it when it should be too late.  Accordingly he was sent a prisoner, out of Herod’s suspicious temper, to Macherus, the castle I before mentioned, and was there put to death.  Now the Jews had an opinion that the destruction of this army was sent as punishment upon Herod, and a mark of God’s displeasure against him.

In Book 20/9 Josephus tells us of the sentencing of James, the brother of Christ, to death by stoning though it is believed he did not die at that time, but later.  Festus was now dead, and Albinus was but upon the road; so he assembled the Sanhedrin of judges, and brought before them the brother of Jesus, who was called Christ, whose name was James, and some others, (or some of his companions) and when he had formed an accusation against them as breakers of the law, delivered them to be stoned; but as for those who seemed the most equitable of the citizens, and such as were most uneasy at the breach of the laws, they disliked what was done; they also sent to the King (Agrippa), desiring him to send to Ananus that he should act so no more, for that what he had already done was not to be justified; nay, some of them went also to meet Albinus, as he was upon his journey from Alexandria, and informed him that it was not lawful for Ananus to assemble a Sanhedrin without his consent; whereupon Albinus complied with what they said, and wrote in anger to Ananus, and threatened that he would bring him to punishment for what he had done; on which King Agrippa took the high priesthood from him, when he ruled but three months, and made Jesus, the son of Damneus, high priest.

From “The Jewish Wars”

In Book 5/13:5 of The Jewish Wars, Josephus also tells us when speaking of the brutality of the Roman soldiers, that it was actually God that condemned the Jewish nation in its destruction in A.D. 70 .  He states, “but in reality it was God who condemned the whole nation, and turned every course that was taken for their preservation to their destruction.”

Also Cornelius Tacitus (55 A.D.- 117A.D.), a Roman historian, wrote a most important work, commonly called Annals (Annals, c. 115-17) but possibly originally titled Ab Excessu Diui Augusti (From the Death of the Divine Augustus), which is a history of the Julian emperors from Tiberius to Nero, covering the years 14 A.D. to 68 A.D. In Annals, Book 15, Tacitus tells us of the open destruction of the Christians by the evil Roman emperor, Nero. “Nero, in order to stifle the rumor (as if he had himself set Rome on fire) ascribed it to those people who were hated for their wicked practices, and called by the vulgar Christians; these he punished exquisitely. The author of this name was Christ, who in the reign of Tiberius was brought to punishment by Pontius Pilate, the procurator. For the present this pernicious superstition was in part suppressed but it broke out again, not only over Judea, whence this mischief first sprang, but in the city of Rome also, whither do run from every quarter and make a noise, all flagrant and shameful enormities. At first, therefore, those were seized who confessed; afterwards a vast multitude were detected by them, and were convicted, not so much as really guilty of setting the city on fire, but as hating all mankind; nay, they made a mock of them, as they perished, and destroyed them by putting them into the skins of wild beasts, and setting dogs upon them to tear them to pieces: some were nailed to crosses, and others flamed to death.; they were also used in the nighttime instead of torches for illumination. Nero had offered his own gardens for this spectacle. He also gave them Circensian games, and dressed himself like the driver of a chariot, sometimes appearing among the common people, sometimes in the circle itself; whence a commiseration arose, though the punishments were leveled at guilty persons, and such as deserved to be made the most flagrant examples, as if these people were destroyed, not for public advantage, but to satisfy the barbarous humor of one man. 

In another example of the plight of early Christendom, Pliny’s letter to Trajan when he was proconsul of Bithynia, and the reply of Trajan, which is cited by Tertullian, Eusebius, and Jerome, is another important extra-biblical record of the movement of early Christianity into the hearts and minds of those ancient peoples even in the face of certain death for taking the name of Christ.

Pliny’s Epistle to Trajan about 112 A.D.

Sir,

It is my constant method to apply myself to you for the resolution of all my doubts, for who can better govern my dilatory way of proceeding or instruct my ignorance? I have never been present at the examination of the Christians (by others) on which account I am unacquainted with what uses to be inquired into, and what, and how far, they used to be punished; nor are my doubts small, whether there be not a distinction to be made between the ages (of the accused)? And whether tender youth ought to have the same punishment with strong men? Whether there not be room for pardon upon repentance? Or whether it may not be an advantage to one that had been a Christian, that he has forsaken Christianity? Whether the bare name, without any crimes besides, or the crimes adhering to that name, be to be punished? In the meantime, I have this course, about those who have been brought before me as Christians. I asked them whether they were Christians or not? If they confessed that they were Christians, I asked them again, and a third time, intermixing threatenings with the questions. If they persevered in their confession, I ordered them to be executed; for I did not doubt but, let their confession be of any sort whatsoever, this positiveness and inflexible obstinancy deserved to be punished. There have been some of this mad sect whom I took notice of in particular as Roman citizens, that they might be sent to that city.  After some time, as is usual in such examinations, the crime spread itself, and many more cases came before me, A libel was sent to me, though without an author, containing many names (of persons accused). These denied that they were Christians now, or ever had been.  They called upon the gods, and supplicated to your image, which I caused to be brought to me for that purpose, with frankincense and wine; they also cursed Christ; none of which things, it is said, can any of those that are really Christians be compelled to do; so I thought fit to let them go. Others of them that were named in the libel, said they were Christians, but presently denied it again; that indeed they had been Christians, but had ceased to be so, some three years, some many more; and one there was that said he had not been so these twenty years. All these worshiped your image, and the images of our gods; these also cursed Christ. However, they assured me, that the main of their fault, or of their mistake, was this: That they were wont, on a stated day, to meet together before it was light, and to sing a hymn to Christ, as to a god, alternately; and to oblige themselves by a sacrament (or oath) not to do anything that was ill; but that they would commit no theft, or pilfering, or adultery; that they would not break their promises, or deny what was deposited with them, when it was required back again, after which it was their custom to depart, and to meet again at a common but innocent meal, which they had left off upon that edict which I published at your command, and wherein I had forbidden any such conventicles. These examinations made me think it necessary to inquire by torments what the truth was; which I did of two servant maids, who were called Deaconesses: but still I discovered no more than that they were addicted to a bad and to an extravagant superstition.  Hereupon I have put off any further examination, and have recourse to you, for the affair seems to be well worth consultation, especially on account of the number of those that are in danger; for there are many of every age, of every rank, and of both sexes, who are now and hereafter likely to be called to account, and to be in danger; for this superstition is spread like a contagion, not only into cities and towns, but into country villages also, which yet there is reason to hope may be stopped and corrected.  To be sure, the temples, which were almost forsaken, begin already to be frequented; and the holy solemnities, which were long intermitted, begin to be revived.  The sacrifices begin to sell well everywhere, of which very few purchasers had of late appeared; whereby it is easy to suppose how great a multitude of men may be amended, if place for repentance be admitted.

Trajan’s Epistle to Pliny

My Pliny,

You have taken the method which you ought in examining the causes of those that had been accused as Christians, for indeed no certain and general form of judging can be ordained in this case. These people are not to be sought for; but if they be accused and convicted, they are to be punished; but with this caution, that he who denies himself to be a Christian, and makes it plain that he is not so by supplicating to our gods, although he had been so formerly, may be allowed pardon, upon his repentance. As for libels sent without an author, they ought to have no place in any accusation whatsoever, for that would be a thing of very ill example, and not agreeable to my reign. 

So here we have several extra-biblical genuine historical examples of what it was really like to be an early Christian, subject to questioning, judgment, torture and death, just for naming the name of Christ.  I wonder what we, as Christians today, will do when that time comes for us; when we no longer have the comfort of our church pews and many of us will be beheaded for the witness of Christ, which is spoken of in the Revelation of John.   Already Christians are persecuted worldwide, and even in the United States, we are accused of many things that simply are not true of genuine Christians.  We have to stand up for truth and righteousness in the face of ridicule and outright hatred from some people who have the audacity to call themselves good and us evil, who don’t flinch at murdering babies, or using euthanasia on our elderly, who flagrantly flaunt their sexual excesses and deviances, and who won’t have tolerance for any of us who believe themselves to be acting in sin.  We do our best to show them the way out of that bondage of sin, while they mock and accuse us of every sort of evil.  We try to show them that God loves them, even if we believe their sins are wrong in God’s eyes, and that they need to be and can be forgiven upon repentance.  God knows that our efforts are not in vain and that even when we are tested beyond what we can endure, that we, who are truly Christian, will shine forth as light in the darkness.  So in closing, in answer to the question Is There Evidence Outside the Bible that Christ was a Real Historical Figure? I believe the answer to that is unequivocally Yes! And if a sword were held to my throat, and my head cut off if I didn’t deny that Christ was my Savior, I would stake my life on it. How about you?

As Salam U Alaykum These are some images of Islamic historical places, which is displayed in Hyderabad AP India on eve of Milad Un Nabi at YaqutPura on 27 Feb 2010. If some thing is wrong in these images so please let us know with evidence. JazakAllah
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